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The D&D Framework

Insights from top engineers at Google, Amazon, and Microsoft on how to defend focus and deliver quality code.

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Executive Summary


Code. Collaborate.
The two constants in every software engineer's day.

For most engineers, context switching is the biggest productivity pain point. A lot of coding is just thinking, and you cannot think well in a constantly interrupting environment. We got really curious about how top engineers manage these 2 competing needs: code & collaborate. So, we spoke to 21 of them.

Our hypothesis that they're just naturally good at hyper-focused work was wrong. (Though that sounds like a really cool superpower!)

Turns out, they approach context switching with intention. They see focus as a spectrum, not an on/off switch. They defend their focus and deliver quality results. And they don't do it alone—they get their teams involved to make it all work.

We've distilled these insights into the D&D Framework.

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While we can’t avoid task switching altogether, what we can do is fend for our focus. Managing interruptions by their urgency and worth to deliver quality work is the core of the D&D Framework. It is equipped with methods to help you intentionally stay ahead of all distractions — be it important or low priority to get your best work done everyday!

Defend Attention Manage context switches.

While we can’t avoid task switching altogether, what we can do is fend for our focus. Managing interruptions by their urgency and worth to deliver quality work is the core of the D&D Framework. It is equipped with methods to help you intentionally stay ahead of all distractions — be it important or low priority to get your best work done everyday!

Smarter Lists To-do lists that accommodate interruptions.

Engineers can work more efficiently by creating to-do lists that account for interruptions. A smarter list includes tasks, context, next steps, and focus levels. This preparation helps handle disruptions effectively, ensuring high-priority tasks are completed even with frequent interruptions.

Focus Understand it as a spectrum, not binary.

Most of us think of focus in a binary manner i.e. either its there or completely amiss. That’s inaccurate because most of us can focus deeply GIVEN the right conditions. The framework helps you find what is right for you.

Team’s Role Involve team to support focused work.

At the end of the day, you are part of a team. Doing this solo will not cut it. You need your team’s support to best execute a distraction-free environment. Loop them into WHY and HOW you are doing this and WHAT they can do to assist you.

Interruption Map Differentiate important vs. unimportant interruptions.

Not all interruptions deserve your immediate attention. But knowing which ones do and don’t is a skill. Living in today’s age where everything seeks our attention, we need to train our brains on how to make these mini decisions. Eventually this creates a huge impact on our work.

Code:Collab Ratio Assess time allocation for each.

When meetings are inevitable, finding the ideal code-to-collaborate ratio becomes essential. To achieve this balance, we must understand the factors that influence an engineer's time split between coding and meetings. We identified three core factors that influence this division.

Chapter 1 : Engineer’s Daily Workflow Calendar

  • 0

    What does an engineer’s day look like?

Chapter 2 : Collaboration Frequency

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    Daily and Weekly Syncs

Chapter 3 : Code::Collab

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    Seniority

  • 1

    Project Phase

  • 2

    Company Size and Stage

Chapter 4 : D&D Framework

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    Smarter To-Do Lists

  • 1

    Interruption Map

  • 2

    Context Setting

  • 3

    Defend Focus

  • 2 more topics

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Chief of Staff, Prodigal Tech

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Tanu V avatar

Tanu V

Founder, Power Router

“Flexiple has exceeded our expectations with their focus on customer satisfaction! The freelancers are brilliant at what they do and have made an immense impact. Highly recommended :)”

Henning Grimm avatar

Henning Grimm

Founder, Aquaplot

“Overall Flexiple brought in high-level of transparency with extremely quick turnarounds in the hiring process at a significantly lower cost than any alternate options we had considered.”

Kislay Shashwat avatar

Kislay Shashwat

VP Finance, CREO

“Todd and I are impressed with the candidates you've gathered. Thank you for your work so far. Thanks for sticking within our budget and helping us to find strong talent. Have loved Flexiple so far — highly entrepreneurial and autonomous talent.”

William Ross avatar

William Ross

Co-Founder, Reckit

“The cooperation with Christos was excellent. I can only give positive feedback about him. Besides his general coding, the way of writing tests and preparing documentation has enriched our team very much. It is a great added value in every team.”

Moritz Gruber avatar

Moritz Gruber

CTO, Caisy.io

“Flexiple spent a good amount of time understanding our requirements, resulting in accurate recommendations and quick ramp up by developers. We also found them to be much more affordable than other alternatives for the same level of quality.”

Narayan Vyas avatar

Narayan Vyas

Director PM, Plivo Inc

“It's been great working with Flexiple for hiring talented, hardworking folks. We needed a suitable back-end developer and got to know Ankur through Flexiple. We are very happy with his commitment and skills and will be working with Flexiple going forward as well.”

Neil Shah avatar

Neil Shah

Chief of Staff, Prodigal Tech

“Flexiple has been instrumental in helping us grow fast. Their vetting process is top notch and they were able to connect us with quality talent quickly. The team put great emphasis on matching us with folks who were a great fit not only technically but also culturally.”

Tanu V avatar

Tanu V

Founder, Power Router

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